雅思阅读考试题材及8大题型详细介绍

雅思阅读考试中的文章很多。题材非常广泛，今天小编给大家带来了阅读考试题材及8大题型详细介绍，希望能帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

雅思阅读扫盲贴--阅读考试题材及8大题型详细介绍

雅思阅读题材

题材非常广泛，涵盖了科技、法律、教育、历史、文学、交通、社会、自然等多个方面。雅思文章的出处有很多，其中最实用的、便于积累背景知识的雅思文章来源是newscientist网站, 这个网站是雅思出题方公布的出题来源，包括了太空领域、环境、生物地理物理等科学以及社会科学与人类健康等各方面的科学知识。

八大题型

一、段落标题(paragraphheadings)

在做雅思阅读文章的时候，一般是10个选项，其中包括1-2个段落其标题的例子。要求根据段落中的内容找出与其相匹配的段落标题。正式考试中一般1个选项只能用于1个段落。

二、辨别正误题型(True/false/notgiven)

该题型会涉及到：(notgiven/notmentioned)没有提到，有时还会出现下列提法accurat/inaccurat精确/不精确;supported/contradicted一致/不一致。correct/incorrect正确与不正确。辨别正误题型属于比较难的题型。通常出现在阅读测试中的第3或第4部分。

规定时间内如果我们完成不能答题，可以选择根据逻辑猜测。这个办法在回答辨别正误(True;false;notgiven)题型时很有效。由于时间有限，很多题是通过此逻辑猜测得出正确答案。

三、回答问题(short-answerquestiontasks)

回答问题是根据所给文章或图表回答问题。雅思阅读考试中中通常是出现what、which、when、where、who、whose、whom、why、how等单词。这些单词有时会在答题指引中将所提问题列出。

回答问题答题步骤：

1.仔细查看答题指引，了解回答何种问题。

2.查看例句，确定答题方式。

3.要确定问句的种类，一般疑问句可按正常形式回答，如果是选择疑问句或者是以wh/how开头的问句就一定要具体回答。

4.仔细理解问句所提问题。

5.特别要注意问句中所提问题的关键词语(例如：单数、复数)，以及问句中表明数量、时间、地点的词语。

6.将问句中的关键词语与文章中相关句子中的词语进行匹配。

7.确定问句与文章中相关句子含义是否一致，得出答案。

四、完成图表、示意图题型(table、chartordiagramcompletion)

完成图表、示意图题型是要根据文章所给出的信息，将图表内缺失的内容填补出来。雅思阅读考试中，有很多种图表及示意图。这些图表虽然篇幅不长，却能够明确说明问题的答案。通常这些图表会附在所给阅读文章之内，作为文章的一部分，千万不能忽略这类图表。图表填空的关键在于分析图表信息点，根据信息点寻找对应的答案。

完成图表、示意图题答题步骤：

1.详细查看答题指引，以确定图表为何种信息。

2.查看例句，了解图表内容及答题方式。

3.查看图表题目栏中词语及数字符号。

4.查看图表中的说明及注释部分。

5.利用问句中的关键词语，在所给图表中寻找答案。

雅思考试阅读理解提分练习试题及答案

A.

When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of McDonald’s in January 2004， the world’s biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining. One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots. His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries where anti-globalisers’ favourite enemy operates.

B.

So far Mr Hennequin is doing well. Last year European sales increased by 5.8% and the number of customers by 3.4%， the best annual results in nearly 15 years. Europe accounted for 36% of the group’s profits and for 28% of its sales. December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain， and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly.

C

Mr Hennequin’s recipe for revival is to be more open about his company’s operations， to be “locally relevant”， and to improve the experience of visiting his 6，400 restaurants. McDonald’s is blamed for making people fat， exploiting workers， treating animals cruelly， polluting the environment and simply for being American. Mr Hennequin says he wants to engage in a dialogue with the public to address these concerns.

D.

He introduced “open door” visitor days in each country which became hugely popular. In Poland alone some 50，000 visitors came to McDonald’s through the visitors’ programme last year. The Nutrition Information Initiative， launched last year， put detailed labels on McDonald’s packaging with data on calories， protein， fat， carbohydrates and salt content. The details are also printed on tray-liners.

E.

Mr Hennequin also wants people to know that “McJobs”， the low-paid menial jobs at McDonald’s restaurants， are much better than people think. But some of his efforts have backfired： last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” that allows McDonald’s employees to work anywhere in the European Union. Politicians accused the firm of a ploy to make cheap labour from eastern Europe more easily available to McDonald’s managers across the continent.

F.

To stay in touch with local needs and preferences， McDonald’s employs local bosses as much as possible. A Russian is running McDonald’s in Russia， though a Serb is in charge of Germany. The group buys mainly from local suppliers. Four-fifths of its supplies in France come from local farmers， for example. (Some of the French farmers who campaigned against the company in the late 1990s subsequently discovered that it was， in fact， buying their produce.) And it hires celebrities such as Heidi Klum， a German model， as local brand ambassadors.

G.

In his previous job Mr Hennequin established a “design studio” in France to spruce up his company’s drab restaurants and adapt the interior to local tastes. The studio is now masterminding improvements everywhere in Europe. He also set up a “food studio”， where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends.

H.

Given France’s reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe， it seems odd that McDonald’s revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman， using ideas cooked up in the French market. But France is in fact the company’s most profitable market after America. The market where McDonald’s is weakest in Europe is not France， but Britain.

I.

“Fixing Britain should be his priority，” says David Palmer， a restaurant analyst at UBS. Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned， compared with 40% in Europe and 15% in America. The company suffers from the volatility of sales at its own restaurants， but can rely on steady income from franchisees. So it should sell as many underperforming outlets as possible， says Mr Palmer.

J.

M.Mark Wiltamuth， an analyst at Morgan Stanley， estimates that European company-owned restaurants’ margins will increase slightly to 16.4% in 2007. This is still less than in the late 1990s and below America’s 18-19% today. But it is much better than before Mr Hennequin’s reign. He is already being tipped as the first European candidate for the group’s top job in Illinois. Nobody would call that a McJob.

Questions 1-6

Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?

Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

TRUE if the statement reflects the claims of the writer

FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

1. McDonald was showing the sign of recovery in all European countries except France after Denis Hennequin took office as the boss of Euro-markets.

2. Starting from last year， detailed labels are put on McDonald’s packaging and detailed information is also printed on tray-liners.

3. France is said to be the most anti-American country in Europe， but the ideas of the “open door” visiting days and “McPassport” are invented in the French market.

4. Britain possesses the weakest McDonald market among European countries and approximately 1214 McDonald’s restaurants are company-owned.

5. According to David Palmer， a restaurant analyst at UBS， David Hennequin should treat the problem about McDonald in Britain as the most important thing.

6. David Palmer suggested that the management of McDonalod in Italy should sell as many its outlets which lose money in business as possible for revival.

Questions 7-10

Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 7-10 on your answe sheet.

7. The word “sterling” in line 3 of Paragraph A means__________.

A. difficult

B. menial

C. terrible

D. excellent

8. Which of the following statements on the accusation of MacDonald is NOT TRUE?

A. It tends to make people fat.

B. Its operations are very vague.

C. It tends to exploit workers.

D. It tends to treat animals cruelly.

9. Which of the following measures taken by Denis Hennequin produced undesired result?

A. “Food Studio” scheme.

B. “Open Door” visitor days.

C. The “McPassport” scheme.

D. The Nutrition Information Initiative.

10. What did Denis Hennequin do so as to respond to local trends?

A. set up a “Food Studio” .

B. established a “Design Studio”.

C. hired celebrities as local brand ambassadors.

D. employed local bosses as much as possible.

Questions 11-14

Complete each of the following statements (Questions 11-14) with words or number taken from Reading Passage 1.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.

11. After January 2004， McDonald was making improvement following a period of slump in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were ………………………….

12. Business of McDonald in France and Britain was particularly good in December since customers took to ……………………………..

13. Compared with other countries， France is McDonald’s ………………………. next to America.

14. ……………………. of McDonald’s restaurants in America are companied–owned and the figure is much lower than that in Britain. Part II

Notes to Reading Passage 1

1.sterling高质量的

e.g. He has many sterling qualities. 他身上有许多优秀的品质。

2. menial 不体面的， 乏味的(工作、职业)

3. spruce up打扮整齐、漂亮、装饰

4. mastermind指挥、谋划(一个计划或活动)

e.g. The police know who masterminded the robbery.警察知道是谁策划了那次抢劫。

5. underperform表现不佳表现出低于标准的工作水平、企业出现亏本

Part III

Keys and explanations to the Questions 1-14

1. FALSE

See the second sentence in Paragraph A “One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots. His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries…”.

2. TRUE

See the last sentence in Paragraph D “The Nutrition Information Initiative， launched last year， put detailed labels on McDonald’s packaging with data on calories， protein， fat， carbohydrates and salt content. The details are also printed on tray-liners.”

3. NOT GIVEN

See Paragraph D， E and H “Given France’s reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe， it seems odd that McDonald’s revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman， using ideas cooked up in the French market.”.

4. FALSE

See the last sentence of Paragraph H and first sentence of Paragraph L “The market where McDonald’s is weakest in Europe is not France， but Britain…Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned…”

5. TRUE

See the first sentence of Paragraph I “Fixing Britain should be his priority，” says David Palmer， a restaurant analyst at UBS”.

6. NOT GIVEN

See the last sentence of Paragraph I “So it should sell as many underperforming outlets as possible， says Mr Palmer”.

7. D

See the first sentence of Paragraph A “One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots”.

8. B

See the second sentence of Paragraph D “McDonald’s is blamed for making people fat， exploiting workers， treating animals cruelly， polluting the environment”

9. C

See the second sentence of Paragraph E “But some of his efforts have backfired： last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” that allows McDonald’s employees to work anywhere in the European Union..”

10. A

See the last sentence of Paragraph G “He also set up a “food studio”， where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends”.

11. sluggish or declining

See the first sentence of Paragraph A “When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of McDonald’s in January 2004， the world’s biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining.”

12. seasonal menu offerings

See the last sentence of Paragraph B “December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain， and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly”.

13.most profitable market

See the second sentence of Paragraph H “But France is in fact the company’s most profitable market after America”.

14. 15%

See the second sentence of Paragraph I “Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned， compared with 40% in Europe and 15% in America”.

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