2020年翻译资格考试一级口译试题：携手同心，共担责任

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2020年翻译资格考试一级口译试题：携手同心，共担责任

携手同心，共担责任，

努力推动构建人类命运共同体

——杨洁篪在“北京论坛”开幕式上的主旨演讲

尊敬的韩启德先生，

尊敬的博科娃女士，

尊敬的邱水平、郝平校长，

尊敬的各位嘉宾，

女士们，先生们，朋友们：

Honorable Mr. Han Qide,

Honorable Ms. Irina Bokova,

Honorable Party Secretary Qiu Shuiping and President Hao Ping of Peking University,

Distinguished Guests,Ladies and Gentleme

深秋的北京五彩斑斓，很高兴在这样一个收获的季节同各位旧友新知相聚“北京论坛”，畅谈人类文明的发展与进步。“北京论坛”自成立以来，以“文明的和谐与共同繁荣”为总主题，致力于世界和平与发展，为各国人士交流互鉴、增进理解提供了重要平台。今年论坛以“变化世界与人的未来”为主题，契合当前世界发展形势，紧扣各国普遍关切，具有现实意义。

In this autumn season when Beijing is clad in a riot of colors, it gives me great pleasure to meet with friends, old and new, at the Beijing Forum and discuss the progress of human civilization. Since its inauguration, the Beijing Forum has been convened under the general theme of “The Harmony of Civilizations and Prosperity for All”. Discussions have focused on advancing peace and development, making the Forum a valuable platform for deepening mutual learning and understanding. The theme of this year’s forum, “The Changing World and the Future of Humankind”, is highly relevant. It dovetails with current global developments and touches on matters of interest to all.

当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局，全球治理体系和国际秩序加速变革。各种思潮激荡碰撞，各方对世界变化的认识热烈争鸣，人类向何处去?各个国家、不同文明之间应该如何相处，选择开放还是封闭、合作还是对抗、共赢还是零和?是需要我们认真回答的时代课题。我们要透过变乱交织的表象，顺应历史潮流和时代要求，牢牢把握当今世界发展的本质和规律。

The world today is going through changes of a kind unseen in a century. Looking around, we see faster evolution of the global governance system and international order. With different ideas vis-à-vis each other, there is a heated debate on how to perceive all those changes. People will naturally ask: Where is our world headed? How are different countries and civilizations to interact with each other? Do we choose openness or seclusion, cooperation or confrontation, a win-win or zero-sum outcome? To answer these important questions, we must see through the mist of change, and grasp the trend of history. Most importantly, we must understand fully the nature and direction of current global developments. Let me share with you a few observations:

当今世界，经济全球化仍是时代潮流。经济全球化极大促进了经济发展和文明，使生产力与民众生活得到前所未有的提升。1990年到2010年，世界经济年均增速达到5.51%，本世纪以来11亿人口脱贫。一段时间以来，明显存在着“逆全球化”现象，原因复杂。但正如主席指出的，让世界经济的大海退回到一个一个孤立的小湖泊、小河流是不可能的。经济全球化是不可逆转的时代潮流。新一轮科技革命和产业变革基于经济全球化，解决发展失衡、数字鸿沟、公平赤字等问题更离不开经济全球化。只有在理念上更加注重开放包容，方向上更加注重普惠平衡，效应上更加注重公正共赢，才是顺应大势的正确抉择。

In today’s world, economic globalization is still the predominant trend. Globalization is a huge boost to economic development and human progress. It has lifted productivity and living standards to an unprecedented degree. Between 1990 and 2010, global economic growth averaged 5.51 percent. Since the start of this century, 1.1 billion people worldwide have been helped out of poverty. For all this to happen, economic globalization has had a sure part to play. On the other hand, for some time there has been an obvious backlash against globalization. The reasons may be complicated. Yet, the world economy has grown into something like the ocean. As President Xi Jinping has rightly pointed out, “To channel the waters in the ocean back into isolated lakes and creeks is simply not possible.” The trend of economic globalization is irresistible. It has given rise to the latest round of scientific, technological and industrial revolution. Of the many global challenges we face, development disparity, digital divide, equity deficit, among others, none could be addressed without the leveling effect of economic globalization. In this day and age, the right answer can only be continued globalization. The focus should be on a more open and inclusive mentality, more balanced and universal benefits, and more equitable and win-win outcomes.

当今世界，世界多极化显然是大势所趋。回望国际关系，世界多极化的发展始终曲折向前。冷战结束后世界从单极独霸日益走向多极化，特别是本世纪以来，新兴市场国家和广大发展中国家群体性崛起，极大地推动了世界多极化的进程，当前占世界经济总量比重已达40%，对全球经济增长的贡献率已经达到80%。国际力量对比的重大变化使世界政治格局更为均衡，有利于维护世界和平、促进共同发展。

In today’s world, multi-polarity is clearly the order of the day. The transition to a multi-polar world has been fraught with ups and downs. The end of the Cold War actually started a process toward a more multi-polar world. The collective rise of emerging markets and developing countries at the turn of the century, among other things, marks a major shift in global politics and greater equilibrium in the balance of power. Accounting for two-fifths of the world economy and four-fifths of global growth, they make a strong force for world peace and development.

当今世界，国际关系民主化更是人心所向。国际关系民主化本身就是世界多极化的应有之义。世界各国不分大小、强弱、贫富都是国际社会平等成员，全球事务应由各国共同治理，主权平等、对话协商、遵守法治应是国际关系公认准则，这些都是国际社会绝大多数成员长久以来的强烈愿望。第二次世界大战后，确立以联合国宪章宗旨和原则为基础的国际关系基本准则，建立了以联合国为核心的国际体系，为世界带来了70多年的和平稳定和发展繁荣。维护和发展以联合国为核心的多边合作，推进国际体系建设和改革，是世界绝大多数国家的共同选择。霸权主义、强权政治阻挡不了国际关系民主化的历史步伐，保护主义、单边主义改变不了各国扩大开放合作与维护多边主义的愿望和决心。

In today’s world, more democratic international relations is all the more what people aspire for. This is part and parcel of the yearning for a multi-polar world. Countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are all equal members of the world community. Global affairs should be decided by all countries working together, and international relations should be conducted on the basis of recognized norms like sovereign equality, dialogue and consultation, and the rule of law. All these are strongly desired by the overwhelming majority of countries worldwide. The basic norms of international relations, built on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, together with the international system centering around the United Nations, have brought more than 70 years of peace, stability, development and prosperity since World War II. Today, to preserve and promote multilateral cooperation under the auspices of the UN and to reform and improve the international system is the common choice of the majority of countries in the world. Hegemonism and power politics cannot stop the advance toward more democratic international relations. Protectionism and unilateralism cannot shake countries’ commitment to openness, cooperation, and multilateralism.

当今世界，文明多样化正是历史选择。2014年，主席曾在联合国教科文组织以人类文明交流互鉴为主题发表重要演讲。正如主席指出，文明因交流而多彩，文明因互鉴而丰富。文明是多彩的、平等的和包容的，一部人类发展史也是一部多元文明并生共进的历史。每一种文明文化都有其独特的价值，只有五颜六色之别，并无高低优劣之分。一切文明成果都值得尊重，各种文明成果都要珍惜。历史发展表明，文明交流互鉴，是推动人类发展进步的强大动力;文明和谐共生，是实现世界和平繁荣的重要保障。

In today’s world, diversity of civilizations is exactly the choice of history. In 2014, President Xi Jinping spoke on the importance of exchange and mutual learning between civilizations at UNESCO. As President noted in his speech, civilizations become richer through exchange and mutual learning. Diversity, equality and inclusiveness are the hallmark of human civilization. Each civilization and culture is valuable in its own right. One may be different from another, but no one is superior over the other. The achievements of all civilizations need to be respected and treasured. History tells us that human progress is enabled by mutual learning among civilizations, and world peace and prosperity is underpinned by the harmonious coexistence of all civilizations.

与此同时，我们还要看到，历史的发展从来都不是一条直线，世界总是在曲折中前进。当前，世界大变局正在向纵深发展，国际形势中不稳定、不确定因素增多，国际关系中各种矛盾错综交织，各种力量分化组合加快，一些地区局势甚至出现动荡，这些都是国际体系调整时期不可避免的现象。总体而言：

That said, we must also remember that history doesn’t move in a straight line. It zigs and zags. The deepening changes in the world have brought more uncertainties and destabilizing factors — intricate entanglements in international relations, fast-changing reconfiguration of various forces, turbulence in some regions, to name just a few. All these have come up naturally in an international system under adjustment. But on the whole, I think it is fair to say the following about today’s world:

——尽管单边主义与多边合作的矛盾有增无减，但全球力量对比更加均衡与国际体系持续增强的趋势不可逆转;

— Clashes between unilateralism and multilateral cooperation are on the rise, but the trend toward a more balanced dispensation of power and a stronger international system is unstoppable.

——尽管围绕经济全球化与开放发展的争论有增无减，但世界经济迈向开放、包容、平衡、普惠的步伐不可阻挡;

— Opinions seem to be more divided over economic globalization and openness, but come what may, the world economy will be more open, inclusive, balanced, and beneficial to all.

——尽管大国之间既有共同利益又有矛盾分歧的状况有增无减，但各国之间相互依存、彼此制衡的基本格局不会改变;

— It is increasingly true that major countries have both shared interests and differences. Yet it remains the case that they depend on each other as much as they balance each other.

——尽管全球战略安全与地区热点问题的严峻态势有增无减，但国际安全环境总体稳定可控的局面不会动摇;

— We face grave strategic security challenges and serious regional hot-spots, but the global security environment is generally stable and under control.

——尽管各国之间的意识形态分歧与制度文化差异有增无减，但各种文明之间应该交流互鉴、开放包容的国际共识不会削弱。

— Countries may have more ideological disagreements and differences in terms of their system and culture, but there remains a strong international consensus for open and inclusive exchange and mutual learning between different civilizations.

女士们，先生们，朋友们!

Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends,

未来世界的发展何去何从，取决于我们共同的选择。面对百年未有之大变局，主席着眼全人类发展进步，从中国人民和世界各国人民根本和共同利益出发，倡导构建人类命运共同体重要理念，指出世界各国应该共同建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界，共同推动建设相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系，受到国际社会的高度评价和热烈响应。这一重要理念被多次写入联合国文件。构建人类命运共同体为世界未来发展指明了正确方向，需要世界各国携手合作，共担时代使命、共尽历史责任。

The future direction of our world very much depends on the choice we make together. In response to the profound changes rarely seen in a century, President Xi has put forth his vision for a community with a shared future for mankind: — It is about countries working together for an open, inclusive, clean and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace, universal security and common prosperity, and for a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice, and mutually beneficial cooperation. — It is designed to promote the progress of mankind, and to serve the fundamental and shared interests of the Chinese people and other people around the world. — As such, the vision has been highly commended and warmly received by the international community and endorsed in multiple United Nations documents. President Xi’s vision of a community with a shared future has pointed the way forward for our world. To translate it into reality, countries need to work together and they each do their part for the sake of future generations.

一要坚持平等互信，实现持久和平。当今世界，和平与发展依然是时代主题。虽然世界仍不太平，一些国家和地区仍存在冲突和动荡，但和平始终是人类社会的普遍期待和殷切向往,摒弃冷战思维和强权政治是国际社会的强烈呼声。我们要坚持构建平等相待、互商互谅的伙伴关系，这样才能实现持久和平和共同发展，才能不断推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。

First, we must uphold equality and mutual trust to realize lasting peace. Peace and development remain the call of our times. With some countries and regions still mired in conflict and turbulence, our world yearns for full peace, and strongly rejects the Cold-War mentality and power politics. Only when all countries commit to a partnership based on equality, consultation and accommodation, can there be a world of lasting peace and prosperity, and a fairer and more equitable international order.

二要坚持对话协商，实现长治久安。主权和领土完整不容侵犯，各国应尊重彼此核心利益和关切。对待国家间存在的分歧和争端，要通过对话协商以和平方式解决，以对话增互信，以对话解争端，以协商化分歧。只有凝聚最广泛共识，契合各国人民最广泛利益，才能实现世界的普遍安全。

Second, we must promote dialogue and consultation to achieve enduring stability. National sovereignty and territorial integrity brook no violation. Countries have to respect each other’s core interests and concerns, seek negotiated solutions to their differences and disputes, and build trust through dialogue. Only with the broadest consensus and shared interests of all people, can we achieve universal security in the world.

三要坚持共赢共享，实现共同繁荣。世界各国利益深度交融，可谓安危与共、命运共连，一荣俱荣、一损俱损。要坚决反对单边主义、保护主义行径，树立双赢、多赢、共赢的新理念，摒弃你输我赢、赢者通吃的旧思维，实现共赢共享。要构建开放型世界经济，推动全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展，共同努力实现发展繁荣的目标。

Third, we must pursue win-win results to deliver prosperity for all. Given the level of intertwined interests between countries, our destinies are tied and we all stand to gain and lose together. We must reject acts of unilateralism and protectionism, and replace the old thinking of “winners take all” with a new approach of win-win and all-win. To deliver development and prosperity for all, it is important that we promote an open global economy and make globalization a more open, inclusive, beneficial, balanced and win-win process.

四要坚持相互尊重，实现文明共鉴。要尊重文明多样性，秉持平等与谦虚，抛弃傲慢与偏见，推动不同文明相互交流互鉴。只有相互尊重与包容互鉴，才能共同消除现实生活中的文化壁垒，共同抵制妨碍人类心灵互动的落后观念，共同打破阻碍人类交往的精神隔阂，让各种文明和谐共存。

Fourth, we must respect each other to promote mutual learning between civilizations. We need to treat each other as equals, say no to arrogance and prejudice, and be humble and respectful to the cultural diversity that defines our world. Only by respecting, understanding and learning from each other, can we bring down the invisible walls that divide us, push back the old mindset that stop us from reaching out to one another, remove the psychological barriers that hinder the flourishing of friendships, and achieve harmony among all civilizations.

五要坚持与时俱进，实现创新发展。当前，各国面临的新问题、新挑战层出不穷。要与时俱进，坚决摒弃落后于时代发展潮流的思想观念，勇于进行理念、体制、技术等各方面创新，才能突破困境，找到适应世界变局的相处之道，实现各国创新发展与和谐共处。

Fifth, we must advance with the times to achieve innovation-driven development. Every day, we see new issues and challenges arise. The world has changed. We must get rid of old stereotypes and keep up with change. We need to think different, reform the institutions and master new technologies. Only with these bold actions, can we get through difficulty, harness the change, and build a common future where all countries benefit from innovation and live together in harmony.

女士们，先生们，朋友们!

Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends,

今年是中华人民共和国成立70周年，前不久，我们刚刚举行了隆重的庆祝活动，感谢国际社会和在座朋友们的热情祝贺与祝福。就在昨天，中共十九届四中全会胜利闭幕，这次会议审议通过了关于坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化若干重大问题的决定。这一决定将为把我国制度优势更好转化为国家治理效能、为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供有力保证。

This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. A nationwide celebration was held just a month ago. We wish to use this opportunity to thank the world and the many friends present today for the warm congratulations and good wishes to China and the Chinese people. Just yesterday, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee was concluded successfully. The Communist Party of China adopted a decision on major issues concerning upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance. This decision will provide a strong underpinning for better translating China’s institutional advantage into more effective governance, for realizing the Two Centenary Goals, and for achieving the Chinese Dream of national renewal.

70年披荆斩棘，70年沧桑巨变，中国特色社会主义进入新时代，中国迎来了从站起来富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃。中国在发展自己的同时，也为世界发展作出了重要贡献。多年来，中国对世界经济增长的贡献率一直在30%左右，已经成为130多个国家和地区的主要贸易伙伴和重要出口市场。共建“一带一路”取得了举世公认的巨大成就，促进了沿线各国的共同发展，为各国提供了开放共赢的合作平台。

In seven decades, China has gone through an extraordinary journey and made phenomenal progress. It is no longer the country it once was. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. China has stood up, grown prosperous and is becoming stronger. Having come a long way itself, China has also made important contributions to the world. For many years, China has generated around 30 percent of global growth. It is a major trading partner and export market for over 130 countries and regions. The Belt and Road Initiative has been a great success. It contributes to the development of partner countries and provides a platform for open and win-win cooperation across the world.

70年来，我们始终坚持中国共产党领导、坚持走社会主义道路，始终奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，始终倡导以和平共处五项原则为核心的国际关系基本准则，始终反对霸权主义和强权政治，始终坚定地同广大发展中国家站在一起，始终坚持维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，始终坚持将维护自身利益与促进人类共同发展相结合，始终坚持实事求是、与时俱进、开拓创新，中国外交取得了一系列辉煌成就。

For 70 years, China has followed the leadership of the CPC and the socialist path. We have pursued an independent foreign policy of peace and championed international norms centering around the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. We have stood firm for fellow developing countries and against hegemonism and power politics. We have safeguarded China’s sovereignty, security and development interests and made sure that those efforts are in line with the greater good of the world. We have sought truth from facts, progressed with the times and kept our mind open. This is what made China’s achievements in foreign affairs possible.

党的十八大以来，在新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是外交思想指引下，我们进一步走出了一条中国特色大国外交新路。这条道路的实质，就是在当今世界百年未有之大变局中，中国通过全方位开放合作，通过走和平发展道路，在实现中华民族伟大复兴的同时，与世界各国一道推动构建人类命运共同体。

Since the 18th Party Congress in 2012, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and especially Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, China has embarked on the new path of major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. In a nutshell, it is about China’s commitment to openness, cooperation and peaceful development. It is about China’s vision for national rejuvenation in a rapidly changing world and the vision for a community with a shared future for mankind.

中国人从来都是襟怀坦荡、以诚待人的。但总是有一些人接受不了中国发展，总是要颠倒黑白，大肆攻击和诬蔑中国的发展道路和内外政策，这种做法绝不可能得到国际社会支持，他们的目的也绝不可能得逞。中国将继续沿着中国特色社会主义道路阔步向前，为促进世界的和平、稳定、发展与繁荣作出新的贡献。

We Chinese are honest and sincere people. But not everyone is happy to see China’s development. Some have always tried to find fault with China, with our development path and domestic and foreign policies. Such attempts find little support from the international community and will never get their way. China will continue to move along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and make new contribution to the peace, stability, development and prosperity of our world.

第一，中国将毫不动摇走和平发展道路。近现代史上，中国多次遭受外国侵略和战争磨难，最懂得和平的珍贵。中国自古就倡导“以和为贵”、“和而不同”等理念，爱好和平融入了中华民族的文化基因。坚持走和平发展道路是中国根据自身国情和根本利益作出的战略抉择，同时和平发展也是世界各国人民的共同选择。

First, China will unswervingly pursue the path of peaceful development. China was itself a victim to foreign invasion. Incessant wars ravaged China for more than 100 years. The country knows best the value of peace. Since ancient times, China has cherished a love of peace and pursued harmony without uniformity. This is the belief embedded in the Chinese national DNA. To follow the path of peaceful development is a strategic decision China made based on its national reality. It also represents the common desire of peoples around the world.

中国从积贫积弱的国家发展成为世界第二大经济体，靠的是和平发展而不是扩张侵略，历史经验反复证明世界稳定与繁荣也只能靠和平发展而不能诉诸武力。中国走和平发展道路，其他国家也都要走和平发展道路，只有各国都走和平发展道路，各国才能共同发展，国与国才能和平相处。

China was once poor and weak. It is now the world’s second largest economy. China’s achievement comes with peaceful development, not territorial expansion or invasion. Time and again, world history proves one thing: stability brings development, and prosperity comes with peace, not the use of force. China will stay on the path of peaceful development, and we hope other countries will do the same. Only peaceful development can bring common development and peaceful coexistence for all.

第二，中国将毫不动摇促进共同发展。主席指出，“中国把自己的事情办好了，对世界而言就是贡献”。改革开放以来，中国通过融入世界实现自身发展。同样，中国的发展也促进了世界的发展，中国越发展带给世界的发展机遇就越大。世界银行报告认为，“一带一路”倡议全面实施可帮助3200万人摆脱中度贫困，使全球贸易额和全球收入分别增长6.2%和2.9%。中国将推动共建“一带一路”沿着高质量发展方向不断前进，同世界各国齐心协力、守望相助，走出一条互利共赢的康庄大道。

Second, China will unswervingly pursue common development. President Xi said, “A China with its own house in order is in itself a contribution to the world.” Through reform and opening-up, China has become more developed and more connected with other countries. This has in turn made the world better off. The more China develops, the more opportunities it will create for the world. According to a World Bank report, the Belt and Road Initiative, when fully implemented, would help lift 32 million people out of relative poverty, boost global trade by 6.2 percent and drive up global income by 2.9 percent. China will work with other countries to advance the Belt and Road Initiative in a way that leads to high-quality development. When we work together and help each other, we can embark on a broad path that leads to prosperity for all.

第三，中国将毫不动摇扩大开放合作。以开放促进改革和发展，是中国现代化建设不断取得新发展新成就的重要经验。中国在开放合作中实现发展、惠及世界。再过三天，第二届中国国际进口博览会将在上海举行，这是世界上第一家以进口为主题的国家级博览会，是国际贸易发展史上的伟大创举。我们进一步放宽外商投资准入，全面实施准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，《外商投资法》将于2020年1月1日正式实施，中国开放的大门不会关闭，只会越开越大。我们也希望所有国家都能保持开放与合作，实现共赢与繁荣。

Third, China will unswervingly expand opening-up and cooperation. Opening-up has been a strong boost to China’s reform, development and its constant progress in modernization. Through opening-up, China has lifted itself and contributed to the world. In three days’ time, the second China International Import Expo will open in Shanghai. It is the world’s first national expo designed to increase import. The initiative is unprecedented in the history of international trade. Here in China, we have further broadened access to foreign investment. A management system of pre-establishment national treatment and negative list has been adopted nationwide. The Foreign Investment Law will enter into force on 1 January next year. China will not close its door; we will open it wider. We hope other countries will do the same and work together toward a prosperous future for all.

第四，中国将毫不动摇坚持独立自主。新时代的中国将继续奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，致力于同各国发展伙伴关系，推进大国协调合作，深化同包括东北亚、东南亚、南亚、中亚等在内的周边国家睦邻友好合作，加强同发展中国家团结合作。中国将坚持中国特色社会主义道路，尊重各国自主选择社会制度和发展道路的权利，坚决反对任何国家以任何形式干涉别国内政。中国发展不会对任何国家构成威胁，也绝不允许任何国家以任何形式威胁中国的主权、安全和发展利益。

Fourth, China will unswervingly carry on its proud tradition of independence. Entering a new era of development, China will keep to its independent foreign policy for peace. China wants to be a partner to all countries. With big countries, we seek coordination and cooperation; with our neighbors in northeast Asia, southeast Asia, south Asia and central Asia, we seek friendship and cooperation; with fellow developing countries, we seek greater unity and cooperation. China will adhere to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We respect other countries’ independent choice of social system and development path. We oppose interfering in others’ domestic affairs, no matter in what form. China’s development threatens no one. And no country will succeed in any attempt to impinge on China’s sovereignty, security and development.

第五，中国将毫不动摇推动共商共建共享。同舟共济才能乘风破浪，以邻为壑只会画地为牢。共商、共建、共享才能凝聚各国共识，推动各国通力合作，共同应对全球性挑战。中国将一如既往地积极践行合作共赢理念和正确义利观，坚定维护以联合国宪章宗旨和原则为基础的国际关系基本准则，坚持多边贸易体制核心价值和基本原则，不断改革完善全球治理体系，让发展成果惠及更多国家和人民。

Fifth, China will unswervingly pursue extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits with other countries. Passengers on the same boat must stick together to weather storms. A beggar-thy-neighbor approach is doomed to fail. When countries consult with each other, consensus is more likely to be obtained. When countries see each other as partners, they are more likely to find solutions to global challenges. China stands for win-win cooperation, and works to pursue the greater good and shared benefits with other countries. China firmly upholds the norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. We believe that the core values and basic principles of the multilateral trading system should be upheld. The reform of the global governance system must aim to help more countries and their people lead a better life.

总之，面对纷纭变化的世界，中国将一如既往承担起应有的责任和义务，秉持构建人类命运共同体重要理念，始终做世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者。

To sum up, in this fast-changing world, China will continue to shoulder its responsibilities and obligations as it should. China hopes to build a community with a shared future for all mankind. The world can count on China as a promoter of world peace, contributor to global development, and upholder of the international order.

女士们，先生们，朋友们!

Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends,

主席在今年5月亚洲文明对话大会开幕式上指出，今日之中国，不仅是中国之中国，而且是亚洲之中国、世界之中国。未来之中国，必将以更加开放的姿态拥抱世界、以更有活力的文明成就贡献世界。面对世界大发展大变革大调整的新形势，不仅中国，各个国家都承载着推动文明包容互鉴、维护世界和平与发展的时代使命。希望我们大家都能顺应时代潮流，作出正确选择，携手同心，共担责任，共同创造人类更加美好的明天。

In his keynote speech to the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations this May, President said, “China today is more than the country itself; it is very much a part of Asia and the world. In the future, China will open its arms wider to embrace the world and contribute the dynamic achievements of Chinese civilization to a better world.” In a world of unprecedented change, transformation and adjustment, China and indeed every nation has a duty to promote mutual learning between civilizations for world peace and development. I am confident that we, as countries and individuals, will make the right choice in the current era. Let us work together to forge a brighter future for all nations and, indeed, for humanity.

最后，预祝“北京论坛”圆满成功!

In conclusion, I wish Beijing Forum 2019 a full success!

谢谢大家!

Thank you.

2020年翻译资格考试一级口译试题：实现金融互联互通

Belt and Road Initiative: Two Key Channels to Achieving Financial Connectivity

Opening Remarks

By Christine Lagarde, IMF Managing Director

Belt and Road Forum Session on Financial Connectivity

April 24, 2019

“一带一路”倡议：实现金融互联互通的两个关键渠道

开幕致辞

国际货币基金组织总裁 克里斯蒂娜 • 拉加德

“一带一路”论坛，金融互联互通会议

Governor Yi, Minister Liu, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen — good morning! Zao Shang Hao!

易行长，刘部长，尊敬的嘉宾，女士们、先生们——早上好!Zao Shang Hao!

I would like to thank the People’s Bank of China and the Chinese Ministry of Finance for organizing this important event.

首先，我想对中国人民银行和中国财政部组织这场重要的会议表示感谢。

As we meet during this beautiful springtime weather it brings to mind the words of the Chinese proverb, “ The whole year must be planned for in the spring.”

在这个美丽的春天相聚，让人想起一句中国谚语——“一年之计在于春”。

Over the next three days we will consider the ways the Belt and Road Initiative — the BRI—can help better connect the world physically and financially for years to come. It is fitting that we begin these conversations with financial connectivity. Why? Because history teaches us that physical and financial connectivity go hand-in-hand.

在接下来的三天中，我们将讨论未来若干年“一带一路”倡议将如何增进世界各国在基础设施和金融层面的互联互通。我们不妨从金融互联互通谈起。为什么?因为历史告诉我们，基础设施和金融的互联互通是相伴而行的。

Think of the original Silk Road. The desire for trade drove merchants to travel thousands of kilometers. Over time, infrastructure in the form of bridges, buildings, and even entire new cities were built to accommodate what began as small trading posts and financial exchanges.

想想古代的丝绸之路。通商的愿景促使商人千里跋涉。随着时间流逝，人们修建桥梁、建筑等基础设施，甚至建起整座新城，来满足最初规模较小的贸易站和金融往来的需求。

So where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow.

哪里形成了金融联系，当地的生活质量就会很快改善。

In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion.

在现代背景下，更深层次的金融互联互通可以通过几个重要渠道来实现。我今天想强调两个渠道：加强资本流动和改善金融包容性。

1. Increased Capital Mobility

1. 加强资本流动

First, enabling capital to flow more freely.

第一，确保资本更自由地流动。

Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. How? By enhancing investments in infrastructure, manufacturing, and even health care.

允许资本跨境流动能帮助支持包容性增长。如何支持?通过促进基础设施、制造业甚至医疗行业的投资。考生如果怕自己错过考试报名时间和考试时间的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。

Right now, foreign direct investment —FDI — is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely.

目前，发展中国家的外国直接投资(FDI)仅占GDP的1.9% ;而在全球金融危机之前，这个数字是2.5% 。为推进主要基础设施建设进展，需要再次增加资本流动规模，并以安全的方式对其进行管理。

Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs.

对资本流动更加开放也能降低融资成本，提高金融部门效率，允许资本支持生产性投资和新增就业。

That is certainly the case here in China, where a further opening of the bond market to foreign investors will enable diversification and foster the internationalization of the Renminbi (RMB).

这对中国尤为适用。中国向境外投资者进一步开放债券市场，能够 实现债券市场投资者多元化，并促进人民币国际化。

In fact, the IMF recently published a book on this topic, called “The Future of China’s Bond Market”. It outlines how the inclusion of China’s bonds in global indexes can be a gamechanger not only for China’s own financial markets but also for global investors.

事实上，国际货币基金组织近期就这一专题出版了一本题为《中国债券市场的未来》的新书。它概述了中国债券纳入全球指数会如何给中国金融市场以及全球投资者带来巨大变化。

The book also underscores the challenges that come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability.

该书还强调了资本市场开放带来的挑战。幸运的是，我们从经验中获悉了成功所需的要素，包括完善的金融监管 、透明的投资规则以及关注财政可持续性。

On this last point, China’s increased focus on the long-term success of BRI projects, and the announcement today by Finance Minister Liu of a BRI debt sustainability framework, are very welcome steps in the right direction.

关于最后一点，中国更加关注“一带一路倡议”项目的长期成功，财政部刘部长今天宣布的“一带一路”倡议债务可持续性框架正是朝着正确的方向迈出了令人欢迎的一步。

So too is the work that is now beginning to ensure that investment in BRI projects is green, low-carbon and climate resilient. This will lead to increased environmental sustainability.

同样令人欢迎的是，当前的工作开始确保“一带一路”倡议项目的投资环保、低碳并具有抵御气候变化的能力。这将有助于增强环境的可持续性。

2. Increased Financial Inclusion

2. 改善金融包容性

We also need increased financial inclusion — my second channel for a more effective BRI.

我们还需要改善金融包容性，这是我认为提升“一带一路”倡议有效性的第二个渠道。

A few numbers: close to half of the adult popu­lation in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution.

这里列举几个数字：亚太地区中低收入经济体近一半的成年人口没有银行账户。 曾向金融机构借款的人口比重不到10%。

And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand — an emerging market economy — the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent.

然而我们知道，各国若要在21世纪繁荣发展，弥合金融缺口是一项“必须完成的经济任务”。国际货币基金组织的分析表明，如果亚洲金融包容性最弱的国家将金融缺口缩窄至泰国(一个新兴市场经济体)的水平， 这些国家的贫困率能降低近4%。

How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011。

如何实现这一目标?一方面，制定能使更多妇女和农村 居民获得金融服务的政策。在发展中国家，妇女面临的金融性别缺口约为9%，且自2011年来基本保持不变。

There is no silver bullet, but we know that fintech can play a catalyzing role.

这个问题没有根治的良方，但我们知道金融科技能发挥催化作用。

In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own.

例如，柬埔寨通过强有力的公私合作关系支持移动金融发展，自2011年来微型金融机构的数量增加了两倍。目前，这些机构已向200多万个新借款者提供贷款，占成年人口的比重接近20%，这些公民很多从未开立银行账户。现在，他们可以通过储蓄规划未来，甚至也许可以自行创业。

These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other.

这些理念适用于所有国家，但这些国家必须有意愿开展合作并相互学习。

That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda. The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion.

这就是国际货币基金组织和世界银行去年 10 月启动 “巴厘岛金融科技议程” 的主要原因之一。该议程阐述的核心原则——从发展金融市场到维护金融诚信——能帮助所有国家，因为其旨在改善金融包容性。

It is a model for international collaboration, much like this forum.

这是国际合作的典范，很像“一带一路”论坛所实践的。

Conclusion

结论

Let me conclude.

在此，我做一个总结。

I began with a Chinese proverb. In the spirit of global connections, I will close with a western poet. The English poet John Donne, who wrote about the Silk Road, was right when he said, “No man (or woman!) is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main.”

我在开头引用了一句中国谚语。本着全球互联的精神，我想以一首西方诗歌来结尾。英国诗人约翰 • 邓恩这样描绘丝绸之路，“没有人能如岛屿，独立于世;每个人，都是大陆的一部分” [4]，他说的一点都没错。

Just like our history, our modern financial landscape reveals the enormous potential of better connections between nations and between financial institutions across borders. These financial connections can lead to new construction, new jobs, new opportunities, and, ultimately, the ability to achieve economic security.

正如我们的历史，现代金融格局表明，强化各国之间、跨国金融机构之间的联系有着巨大的潜力。这些金融联系能够带来新的建筑项目、新增就业、新的机会，并最终赋予各国实现经济安全的能力。

If we find ways to harness the potential, we can build more prosperous, inclusive economies that benefit all.

只要我们设法充分利用这种潜力，就能构建更加繁荣、更具包容性且惠及所有人的经济体系。

Thank you very much. Xièxiè.

非常感谢!Xièxiè.